About Valves
Cast and forged industrial valves: gate, globe, ball, check, butterfly, and plug, for process piping, oil & gas, power generation, and water treatment. Conforming to API 600, API 602, API 608, BS 1414, and IS 14846.
Use this page as a product and specification reference. The quotation must state the exact material grade, dimensions, manufacturer, certification or document scope, inspection, quantity, price, current availability, freight, and proposed delivery timing for the specific RFQ.
Specification reference
| Types | Gate, Globe, Ball, Check (Swing/Dual-Plate), Butterfly, Plug |
|---|---|
| Size Range | NPS 1/2" to 48" (forged: up to 4", cast: 2" and above) |
| Pressure Classes | 150#, 300#, 600#, 900#, 1500#, 2500# per ASME B16.34 |
| Materials | WCB, WCC, LCB (CS cast); CF8, CF8M (SS cast); A105, F316 (forged) |
| End Connections | Flanged (RF/RTJ), butt-weld, socket-weld, threaded (NPT/BSP) |
Confirm the exact grade, dimensions, tolerance, test certificate, and current availability for your requirement before ordering.
Common applications
These are enquiry contexts, not universal approvals. The project design and governing specification must approve the exact product, grade, dimensions, and service conditions.
- Oil & Gas: Pipeline isolation, wellhead control, platform piping, tank farm valves.
- Power Generation: Boiler feed, main steam isolation, cooling water, condensate systems.
- Chemical Processing: Reactor feed/discharge, acid service, corrosive fluid control.
- Water & Infrastructure: Water treatment plants, pump stations, distribution networks, sewage systems.
Potential source references
The quotation must identify the proposed manufacturer, current availability, inspection documents, and delivery basis for the specific RFQ.
- Audco (Flow Serve)
- Leader Valves
- Intervalve India
- KSB Pumps & Valves
Applicable standards and specifications
Technical Definition, Valve Types, and Governing Specifications
Industrial valves are installed to isolate, throttle, divert, or prevent reverse flow. The body may be cast or forged, but construction cannot be selected from size alone. For API 602 forged valves, confirm the available size against the valve type, pressure class, end connection, manufacturer catalogue, and project data sheet. The RFQ should avoid both a universal two-inch limit and a universal four-inch limit.
Each valve type is designed for a specific fluid-dynamic duty. Gate valves (governed by API 600, API 602, and BS 1414) use a sliding wedge to provide full-bore isolation with minimal pressure drop. Globe valves (governed by API 623 and BS 1873) utilize a disc-and-seat mechanism designed for precise flow throttling. Ball valves (API 608) offer quarter-turn, bubble-tight shutoff. Swing Check valves (BS 1868 and API 594) act as automatic non-return check lines, while Butterfly valves (API 609) provide quick, compact isolation for low-pressure utilities.
Service Application and Environmental Limits
Body, bonnet, trim, seat, packing, gasket, bolting, and hard-facing materials should come from the approved valve data sheet or line class. Service fluid, pressure, temperature, corrosion, solids, cycling, leakage class, fire-safe requirement, and maintenance strategy all affect the selection. A body grade by itself does not define a complete valve.
Choose valve type by function as well as service. Gate, globe, ball, butterfly, plug, and check valves have different operating characteristics and installation needs. When the duty includes throttling, emergency isolation, abrasive fluid, high cycling, or a required fail position, the process and instrumentation teams should approve the selection and actuator arrangement.
Technical Pressure Ratings and Size Ranges
An RFQ organiser for common valve types, standards, size descriptions, and pressure classes. Confirm the exact manufacturer scope and project data sheet for each tag.
| Valve Type | Governing Standard | Body Material | Size Range (NPS) | Pressure Class | Testing Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gate Valve (Cast) | API 600 / BS 1414 | WCB, CF8, CF8M | 2" to 48" | 150#, 300#, 600# | API 598 |
| Gate Valve (Forged) | API 602 | A105, F304, F316 | Confirm by valve design and manufacturer scope | 800#, 1500# | API 598 |
| Globe Valve (Cast) | API 623 / BS 1873 | WCB, CF8, CF8M | 2" to 24" | 150#, 300#, 600# | API 598 |
| Ball Valve | API 608 / API 6D | WCB, CF8M | 1/2" to 36" | 150#, 300#, 600# | API 598 |
| Swing Check (Cast) | BS 1868 / API 594 | WCB, CF8M | 2" to 36" | 150#, 300#, 600# | API 598 |
| Butterfly Valve | API 609 | WCB, CF8M, DI | 2" to 72" | 150#, 300# | API 598 |
The table is an RFQ organiser, not a complete manufacturer range. Confirm the governing standard, available size, pressure class, materials, test procedure, and acceptance documents for the offered valve.
Valve sizing information for the manufacturer
A globe or control-valve enquiry needs more than line size and pressure class. Give the manufacturer the normal, minimum, and maximum flow cases; inlet and outlet pressure for each case; operating and design temperature; fluid composition and phase; density or specific gravity; viscosity where relevant; vapour pressure; solids content; and allowable noise or velocity constraints from the project.
Also state the required flow characteristic, shutoff differential pressure, leakage requirement, end connection, body and trim materials, actuator supply, fail position, accessories, hazardous-area classification, and control signal. The manufacturer should return a sizing sheet and published coefficient data for the exact model and trim offered.
Do not choose a nominal valve size from a generic Cv value. Review the submitted sizing across all operating cases and check travel, pressure recovery, cavitation or flashing assessment where applicable, actuator thrust or torque, and installation orientation. The process engineer and instrumentation engineer should approve the result before purchasing releases the valve.
Common Procurement Mistakes and Valve Failures
Valve packages can become incomplete when trim, operation, or maintenance details are missing:
- Trim left as standard: Copy the complete trim and seat requirement from the valve data sheet. Ask the manufacturer to state any proposed material change rather than hiding it inside a model code.
- Operator omitted: State manual, gear, pneumatic, electric, or hydraulic operation, plus fail position and closing-time requirement where applicable. Check access and maintenance clearance on the piping layout.
- Packing adjusted without procedure: Treat leakage, high operating force, or stem damage as a maintenance issue. Follow the manufacturer's instructions and site isolation procedure rather than applying uncontrolled gland adjustment.
Kanpur Steel Market Pricing Mechanics & Regional Delivery Basis
Valve quotations are easier to compare when each item reproduces the data-sheet tag, type, size, class, end connection, body and trim, seat, packing, bonnet, operator, accessories, inspection, painting, preservation, spares, and document requirements. Keep testing, actuation, special trim, packing, and freight visible rather than comparing only a per-piece total.
For Unnao, Panki, Dada Nagar, Fazalganj, other Kanpur-area sites, or outstation destinations such as Lucknow, Agra, Prayagraj, Varanasi, Gorakhpur, Jhansi, Bareilly, and Patna, provide the exact PIN code and site access. Require the quotation to state current availability, proposed loading date, transport responsibility and the basis of any transit estimate; this page makes no corridor promise.
Agree the dispatch dossier before release. It may include the invoice, e-way bill, packing list, MTC, body and trim traceability, factory test report, dimensional record, actuator certificate, preservation record, and inspection release where ordered. Check tag plates and end protection against the packing list before storage.
Standards and Testing Compliance
The purchase order should state the applicable valve and testing standards, editions, pressure class, shell and closure test requirements, test medium, duration, leakage acceptance, witnessing, and report format. Test pressures must come from the applicable primary table and exact valve rating; this page does not assign one shell or closure pressure to a broad Class 150 description.
Key Takeaways for Kanpur Valve Sourcing
Essential B2B guidelines for contractors sourcing industrial valves in the Kanpur steel market:
- Manufacturer approval: State any approved-vendor, monogram, quality-system, or project registration requirement in the RFQ and confirm it for the offered source.
- Test documents: List the MTC, shell and closure test report, actuator test, tag schedule, and inspection release required for each item.
- Trim selection: Copy the trim, seat, packing, gasket, bolting, and hard-facing requirements from the line class or valve data sheet.
- Dispatch: Share tag priorities, destination, preservation period, site access, and unloading plan so package timing can be confirmed.
Valve receiving, storage, and installation handoff
Prepare a receiving register by valve tag. Match the nameplate, body marking, size, class, material, end connection, flow arrow where present, operator, accessories, and preservation to the approved data sheet and packing list. Keep a discrepancy area for missing tags, transit damage, open ends, wet packing, or documents that cannot be tied to an item.
Store valves in the manufacturer's recommended position with end protectors in place and machined faces off the floor. Keep actuators, solenoids, switches, tubing, and loose accessories identified by tag. Do not use handwheels, stems, gearboxes, or actuators as lifting points. Record preservation checks if installation will be delayed.
Before installation, verify flow direction, orientation, access for operation and maintenance, flange facing or weld-end preparation, gasket and bolting, actuator clearance, and required flushing. Preserve the factory test dossier with the project turnover package. Site handling, welding, flushing, and commissioning checks remain separate from factory acceptance.
For actuated packages, keep the valve, actuator, mounting kit, positioner, solenoids, limit switches, air set, tubing, and certificates under one tag. Record any item shipped loose. Before energising, the instrumentation team should verify supply conditions, signals, travel, fail action, local indication, and interlocks against the approved documents.
Plan spares and maintenance information with the original order. Ask for the final bill of materials, recommended spare list, preservation instructions, installation manual, and test records in the required document format. For a Kanpur-area shutdown, tag priority items by installation sequence so stores can issue them without breaking preservation on the rest of the package.
What to include in the RFQ
- Specify the relevant standard or grade where known.
- Provide OD or NB, wall thickness or schedule, required length, and quantity.
- State the delivery city or PIN code and any unloading constraints.
- List MTC, IBR, TPI, marking, inspection, or other documentation requirements.
Frequently asked questions
Gate and globe valves use different closure geometry and flow paths. Gate valves are commonly selected for isolation, while globe-style constructions may be selected for throttling, but neither rule replaces the approved valve data sheet. Check flow characteristic, pressure drop, shutoff duty, cycling, trim, orientation, and manufacturer limits for the actual service.
ASME classes such as 150, 300 and 600 are rating designations, not direct pressure values. The engineer must use the applicable standard and material-group pressure-temperature table, then check fluid compatibility, transients, seat and trim limits, end connections and any derating by the manufacturer.
Pneumatic, electric or hydraulic actuation can be requested. State fail position, torque basis, supply pressure or voltage, controls, hazardous-area classification, enclosure, stroke time, manual override and required tests. Assembly, manufacturer, testing and current availability must be confirmed in the quotation.